Elaboration of lead-free piezoelectric ceramics by Direct Ink Writing for acoustic transducer applications
MEZDAR N. 1, SEVEYRAT L. 1, BORTA-BOYON A. 2, LE M. 1, GREMILLARD L. 3, COTTINET P. 1
1 LGEF, EA682 - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France; 2 Thales Research and Technology, Palaiseau, France; 3 MatéIS, UMR CNRS 5510 - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
Piezoelectric ceramics are widely used in the industry for their properties allowing an integration in such various systems as capacitors, actuators, and acoustic transducers. Maritime, biomedical, industrial tooling and numerous fields are attracted by their single-material or composite forms. The growing interest for manufacturing complex geometry materials with the aim of conceiving high performance devices and repelling technology limitations, faces inherent constraints to the conventional shaping routes. It usually requires various steps of machining with significant efforts due to the brittleness of the ceramics and bring waste of raw materials. These challenges can be overcome by investigating new manufacturing ways such as additive manufacturing that allows more design flexibility for 3D-shaping and lower production cost. The shaping of ceramics by 3D printing requires a particular study when choosing organic additives and the load rate of solid particles in the formulation because the rheological properties of the ink play a major role in the development of ceramics with complex shapes. The present communication reports the production of BaTiO3-based materials using Direct Ink Writing technology, similar in its piezoelectric and dielectric properties to those that have been made by conventional routes. The preparation of inks for which the rheological behavior ensures good printability of our organic-based and water-based slurries will be presented. Additionally, investigations on the thermal treatments as well as the electro-mechanical properties of these ceramics will be characterized and discussed in this study.