Advanced hierarchical biomorphous silicon carbides
HOFFMANN P. 1, FEY T. 1
1 Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Institute of Glass and Ceramics, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
Porous SiC aimed great interest in the field of cellular ceramics for a variety of applications such as catalyst supports, filters or in the biomedical field owing to its outstanding structural properties, mechanical strength and chemical stability. However, it is subject to certain restrictions due to high-temperature profiles and costly manufacturing methods. Therefore, we investigated porous biomorphous silicon carbide (BioSiC) monoliths using a powder blend of paper-derived carbon fibers, phenolic resin and silicon resulting in comparatively low sintering temperatures (T=1300°C-1550°C) and good mechanical strength. This near-net-shape process uses low-cost raw materials and enables the production of silicon carbides with high open porosity and low shrinkage. The influence of different stoichiometries (ratio Si:C of 1:1 and 1:1.26) on the mechanical (4-point bending) and thermal properties (laser flash method) was investigated. In addition, to improve pressure gradients, macrochannels with multiple layers of sacrificial polymer grids were incorporated, resulting in hierarchical structures with high permeability. Thus, this advanced biomimetic approach offers great potential for structured cellular ceramics with tailored properties for biomedical, catalyst support or nuclear fuel cladding materials.