On the Statistics of the Mechanical Failure in Flame-Sprayed Self Supporting Components
NEUMANN M. 1, HOLLENBACH M. 1, KERBER F. 1, WETZIG T. 1, ANEZIRIS C. 1
1 TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Institute of Ceramics, Refractories and Composite Materials, Freiberg, Germany
The flame spraying of ceramic materials is a versatile process for the preparation and/or functionalisation of various ceramic parts, e.g. refractory hollowware applied in steel ingot casting. Due to the unique characteristics of this technique, the stochastic nature of the flame spray process leads to a pronounced variability in the final properties of these flame-sprayed products. Among these properties, the mechanical characteristics are of fundamental importance. They can be used for the evaluation of the service lifetime at room or at an elevated temperature. In this context, the fracture statistics play a key role. Two sets of 1000 flame-sprayed Al2O3 specimens with different specimen dimensions were used to evaluate the scatter of the flexural strength and the influence of the specimen size. In addition to the standard Weibull approach, the suitability of the Normal, the Log-Normal, and the Gamma probability distribution for a statistical representation was tested. The statistical evaluation was performed by the aid of a QQ-analysis as well as an analysis of randomised and conditioned subpopulations. As a result, both the Weibull and the Gamma distribution provided a well-founded statistical description of the strength data for either of the two specimen sizes. In the contrary, the Normal and the Log-Normal probability distribution were less suited. Based on the estimated Weibull parameters, the flame-sprayed Al2O3 was compared to conventionally sintered Al2O3. As expected, the flame-sprayed material showed much higher scattering in its flexural strength.