Keep it simple: ceramic Kelvin cells via LCD-SLA printing
SIMON S. 1, FEY T. 1
1 Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Institute of Glass and Ceramics, Erlangen, Germany
Ceramic scaffolds for bone tissue engineering are an emerging field in the topic of materials science. Properties such as interconnected pore networks with high tortuosity and tailorable pore shapes combined with appropriate strength are particularly important. However, this direct imitation of human tissue structures is difficult to achieve using conventional processes for cellular ceramics such as freeze-drying, sacrificial templating or gel casting. Here we explore the direct printing of complex parts with high porosities via LCD based stereolithography (SLA) and compare the mechanical properties of equivalent networks, fabricated via an advanced replica method. The enhanced sacrificial polymer templates used were also 3D printed to obtain the same structure. The network studied were Kelvin cells, showing a periodic pattern of 2x2x6 unit cells. Alumina samples were printed with a powder mass percentage of 70% and compared to polymeric Kelvin cell templates, which were coated with alumina slurry. Surface finish, dimensional accuracy and limits regarding the strut thickness and cell size are discussed. The selected cellular structure, layered buildup of the SLA printing and microstructure show significant influence on the mechanical properties. LCD-based ceramic stereolithography proved to be a promising candidate for the rapid and cost-effective fabrication of highly porous and complex ceramic structures.